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What Are the Best Medications For Anxiety Disorders? Treatment for anxiety disorder s usually involves three-pronged: medication, psychotherapy and exercise. The first choice for treating anxiety are antidepressants. Newer drugs, such as mirtazapine or nefazodone, which have a lower chance of suicide and have fewer side effects are better tolerated by patients than antidepressants that are older, such as tCAs or monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). The majority of people manage their anxiety symptoms by taking medications to reduce the anxiety signals in the brain. These include SSRIs or SNRIs. Benzodiazepines They work by facilitating the binding between the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA and various receptors in the central nervous system. They are considered to be a safer and less harmful category of CNS depressants than their predecessors, the barbiturates. They are used to treat seizures, as anticonvulsants and anxiolytics. They are prescribed in small doses and are less likely than other drugs to cause toxic effects on anticholinergic receptors or delirium. Before using them, it is important to evaluate the risks and potential side effects. For instance, long-term use of benzodiazepines can cause impairment to memory and trigger withdrawal symptoms, particularly if the drug is used with other CNS depressants, such as alcohol or opioids. It also may reduce the effectiveness of antidepressants in certain people. Benzodiazepines are not recommended for children or geriatric patients and should be avoided with medical comorbidities like depression. They come in different dosages and formulations, and have different pharmacological properties. They differ in the speed at which they work, how long they last, and also their negative effects. The longer-acting benzodiazepines such as chlordiazepoxide, clorazepate, clo, and diazepam are generally used for anxiety, insomnia and seizures. Constipation, fatigue, and blurred vision are among the most common side effects of benzodiazepines. There are also headaches, nausea, and weight loss. However, these side effects are generally mild and go away with continued use. It is more beneficial to lower the dose of benzodiazepines rather then stopping abruptly, since they can cause withdrawal symptoms, such as insomnia and irritability. Other medications that treat anxiety disorders include SSRIs, serotonin-norepinephrine Reuptake inhibitors; SNRIs atypical antidepressants such as mirtazapine, and beta-blockers. SSRIs, beta-blockers and SNRIs function by increasing levels of serotonin and norepinephrine within your brain. This helps reduce anxiety. Atypical antidepressants use different pathways to increase these chemicals, and can also treat other mental health conditions like depression. Beta-blockers are also traditionally heart medications, however they can also be used at lower doses to treat anxiety such as stage fright by blocking the adrenaline rush that causes shakes and rapid heart rate. SSRIs The most common medications used to treat anxiety disorders are selective serotonin reuptake inhibits (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitions (SNRIs). These drugs increase the levels of serotonin – a neurotransmitter which affects mood. They also increase the levels of norepinephrine which is another neurotransmitter which affects mood. The most well-known SSRIs for anxiety are paroxetine (Paxil) and fluoxetine (Prozac). These SNRIs include citalopram (Celexa) and sertraline (Zoloft) and nefazodone (Serzone). Other medications can help with anxiety symptoms. Antihistamines, alpha and beta-blockers (e.g. propranolol or clonidine) as well as benzodiazepines and many more are available. Antihistamines can be particularly beneficial when you are experiencing panic attacks. They can trigger a sleepiness that can help reduce anxiety. However, they can cause side effects like constipation, dry mouth, and sedation. They can also have risks when taken while driving and you may develop an addiction to the medication. Benzodiazepines which are sedatives, function by increasing the activity of certain neurotransmitters that send signals between brain cells. These medications are prescribed to help you relax and get to sleep. They are only intended for short-term use. These drugs can be addictive, so you should only take them under the supervision of a physician. Tricyclic antidepressants (which are older medications, can also be effective in treating anxiety. These medications act similar to SSRIs, increasing the levels of serotonin as well as norepinephrine in your body. They are usually started with a small dose, and then gradually increased. Some of these medicines can cause weight increase as well as dry mouth, sedation and urinary tract issues, as well as arrhythmias. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are older antidepressants that have proven to be effective at treating anxiety. However, they are less common due to their negative side effects, such as dry mouth and weight gain. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors also interact with certain foods and medications, such as SSRIs, certain birth control pills, cold and allergy medicine, and acetaminophen and ibuprofen. Making the right choices to manage anxiety can help you feel more at ease and in control of your life. It is also crucial to learn stress management techniques. Avoiding unhealthy foods and exercise, avoiding alcohol and tobacco, and eliminating watching or reading news stories that can cause anxiety are important steps. You can also join a support group for anxiety to connect with other people who have similar issues and develop coping skills. Tricyclic antidepressants Tricyclic antidepressants and SSRIs are among the medications that are used to treat anxiety disorders. Certain of these medications can boost the levels of certain brain chemicals, such as serotonin or norepinephrine. These medications can be taken regularly or as needed. Certain drugs require a few weeks to take effect however they can reduce anxiety or make it more manageable. However, they will not be effective if the medication is removed. SSRIs can be used to treat anxiety, and prevent symptoms from returning. These include citalopram (Celexa) and the escitalopram (Lexapro), fluvoxamine (Fluoxetine) and sertraline (Zoloft). SSRIs have few side-effects and generally safe. SSRIs may be combined with other treatments for anxiety such as psychotherapy or exercise. Beta blockers are a different type of medication which can be used to treat anxiety. These medications are typically prescribed for heart problems however they can be beneficial for those suffering from anxiety and anxiety disorders. They reduce anxiety symptoms by decreasing blood pressure and reducing the heart rate. Propranolol, and atenolol are the most commonly prescribed beta blockers. People suffering from anxiety disorders or panic can benefit from sedatives taken in the event of need, such as lorazepam. These medications can be taken prior to a stressful event, and they work quickly to calm anxiety symptoms. These medications can be habit-forming, therefore only take them as needed. In general, SSRIs or SNRIs can be used as first-line medications to treat anxiety. They are well-tolerated and safe in randomized controlled studies. However, the idiosyncratic drug characteristics and comorbid conditions of patients should be taken into consideration. For instance, a patient with an underlying depression history may require an increased dose than a person who does not have. The most effective treatment for social phobia or performance anxiety is a monoamine oxidase inhibiter (MAOI). These medications increase the number of neurotransmitters that regulate mood and are usually first administered at low doses and gradually increased. They can be used on their own or in combination with a benzodiazepine. MAOIs can interact with many medications, including SSRIs as well as certain birth control pills. They may also interact with acetaminophen, Ibuprofen, and cold and allergy medicine. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors There are a myriad of medications that treat anxiety disorders. A lot of them work well for the majority of people. This includes benzodiazepines as well as antidepressants. Benzodiazepines are GABA-A agonists and are effective in the short term to reduce anxiety symptoms. They also aid in reducing seizures, muscle spasms and hypnotic state. Benzodiazepines can be addictive and are not recommended for long-term usage. Antidepressants can reduce depression and anxiety. These medications may take four to six weeks to begin working however they are extremely effective for the majority of people. These drugs can cause sexual side effects in some people, but these are usually manageable. SSRIs along with SNRIs, raise levels of serotonin and norepinephrine two of the most important hormones and neurotransmitters that influence mood. They are usually the first-line treatments for most anxiety disorders. They can be taken regularly to control symptoms, or they can be taken as needed. Antidepressants can cause a myriad of adverse effects, such as nausea, dry mouth and weight increase. They can also increase your chances of experiencing suicidal thoughts, so they should only be used the time that is needed. Beta-blockers can also be a choice, as they are traditionally used to treat heart problems. Propranolol, also known as Inderal is frequently prescribed for social anxiety disorder off-label. This medication is a great option to treat physical symptoms of anxiety such as shaking or high blood pressure. It also helps to reduce stress hormones like norepinephrine and adrenaline, which are produced during a high anxiety. Anticonvulsants such as gabapentin, pregabalin and tiagabine have GABAergic effects. These medications are FDA approved for neuropathic pain and can also be effective as an antidepressant for certain people. TCAs are also tricyclic antidepressants which increase the levels of serotonin in the brain. They also decrease the activity of monoamine oxidese, which is responsible for breaking down these chemicals. They can be used to reduce the symptoms of bipolar disorder and mania. These drugs can cause various side effects, such as dry mouth, weight gain and sedation. These medications can also increase the risk of arrhythmias and hypotension.